Edexcel A-Level Politics | Paper 3a Comparative Politics, USA | 2026 Predicted Paper | Section A Mark Scheme Question 1(b)
Section A Mark Scheme
For both Section A questions, “Examine” requires students to explain and develop direct comparisons between the USA and UK, rather than make a judgement about which system is better. Each question is worth 12 marks, split equally between AO1 and AO2, and Pearson suggests roughly 15 minutes. There is no AO3, so students do not need an introduction, conclusion or overall judgement. A strong practical structure is three developed, like-for-like comparative paragraphs.
Pearson's 2024 examiner report reinforces this: the strongest answers were explicitly comparative throughout, compared like with like, developed rather than merely asserted their comparisons, and supported them with relevant examples from both countries. It also warns that introductions, conclusions and comparative theories are unnecessary for Question 1.
Levels-based marking
Level | Marks | Typical characteristics |
Level 4 | 10–12 | Accurate and carefully selected knowledge of both countries. Consistent, explicit comparison with developed and coherent chains of reasoning. |
Level 3 | 7–9 | Mostly accurate knowledge and generally focused comparison. Comparisons are developed, although some may lack precision or depth. |
Level 2 | 4–6 | Some relevant knowledge, but comparison is uneven or partly descriptive. Connections between the two countries are present but underdeveloped. |
Level 1 | 1–3 | Limited or superficial knowledge, with little meaningful comparative analysis. |
0 | 0 | No rewardable material. |
A response dealing with only the USA or only the UK cannot progress beyond Level 1
Question 1(b)
Examine the similarities in the operation of checks and balances in the political systems of the USA and the UK. (12)
Here the focus changes to similarities. Students should identify mechanisms that genuinely exist in both systems and compare the same institution or process with its counterpart. The specification expressly requires comparison of the two constitutions and their provisions and principles, including separation of powers and checks and balances.
Indicative content
Similarity 1: legislatures scrutinise and constrain executives
In both countries, the legislature provides mechanisms for checking executive government.
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